慢性胃炎病理组织学表现与幽门螺杆菌的关系
北京医科大学学报 1999年第1期第31卷 论著
作者:何晋德 于 虹 屈汉庭
单位:北京医科大学人民医院消化科 于 虹:病理科, 北京 100044
关键词:胃炎;病理学;螺杆菌;幽门;胃炎;微生物学
摘 要 目的:以大样本方式进一步了解幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori, Hp)与慢性胃炎的关系。方法:回顾性分析连续12个月内在我院被胃镜诊断为慢性胃炎的胃窦粘膜病理组织学检查结果。结果:共1 658例,其中Hp阴性889例,Hp阳性769例。在Hp阴性病人中轻度慢性炎症(42.7%)比重度(22.1%)多见;在Hp阳性病人中轻度慢性炎症(7.5%)比重度(73.2%)少见;随Hp菌量的增加,重度炎症明显增加,轻度炎症明显减少;肠化生和粘膜萎缩在Hp阳性病人中多见,分别为20.2%和10.3%(其在Hp阴性病例分别为14.5%和7.5%)。结论:Hp是慢性胃炎的重要致病因素,它与胃窦粘膜慢性炎症程度及肠化生和粘膜萎缩有密切的关系。
中国图书资料分类法分类号 R573.3
Relationship between pathohistologic presentation of antral mucosaand Helicobacter pylori in chronic gastritis
HE Jin-De#, YU Hong, QU Han-Ting
(#Departments of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital, Beijing Medical University, Beijing 100044)
MeSH Gastritis/pathol Helicobacter pylori Gastritis/microbiol
ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate further relationship between Helicobacter pylori(Hp) and chronic gastritis by the way of big samples.Methods: Analyse retrospectively pathohistologic results of antral mucosa in chronic gastritis patients that were diagnosed by gastroscopy in our hospital for 12 months. Results: (1) There were 1 658 cases, Hp-negative 889 and Hp-positive 769. (2) The cases with mild chronic inflammation (42.7%) were more than those with severe one (22.1%) in Hp-negative patients; the cases with mild chronic inflammation(7.5%) were much fewer than that with severe one (73.2%) in Hp-positive patients. (3) Chronic inflammatory degree increased gradually with increasing density of Hp. (4) Intestinal metaplasia and atrophic lesions distributed mostly in Hp-positive patients, 20.2% and 10.3%, respectively(14.5% and 7.5% respectively in Hp-negative patients).Conclusion: (1) Hp is a very important pathogenic factor in chronic gastritis. (2) Hp is associated with not only degree of chronic inflammation but also intestinal metaplasia and atrophic lesion of antral mucosa in chronic gastritis.
(J Beijing Med Univ, 1999,31:86-87)
以往有关幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori, Hp)与慢性胃炎关系的探讨多集中在Hp与活动性炎症相关关系。在慢性胃炎患者,是否应对Hp进行根除治疗仍有分歧。本文通过对大样本慢性胃炎病例胃窦粘膜病理组织学表现、Hp感染及慢性炎症程度与Hp菌量间相互关系的分析,探讨Hp感染与慢性胃炎的关系。
1 材料与方法
病例选择:1996年9月至1997年8月间在我院被胃镜和病理同时诊断为慢性胃炎的病例,并符合以下条件:(1)上消化道解剖结构完整,胃镜诊断仅为慢性胃炎;(2)胃窦粘膜活检既有病理组织学又有Hp检查结果;(3)排除此期间复查的病例。
胃镜检查胃窦粘膜活检常规:(1)活检标本一般取自炎症显著区;(2)Hp的检查取自距幽门口2 cm至5 cm范围内。
病理组织学检查常规:(1)慢性炎症(HE染色),主要是淋巴细胞和浆细胞浸润,炎症局限于粘膜浅层1/3以内为轻度,深达2/3者为中度,超过2/3或全层并细胞密集者为重度;(2)Hp(Wright染色),高倍镜检,切片中未发现Hp为阴性;多个视野仅发现稀疏分布的Hp,为轻度感染;几乎每个视野都可发现散在分布的Hp,为中度感染;视野中有较多的Hp,为重度感染。
统计学处理:χ2检验。
2 结果
12个月间符合以上条件的病例共1 658例,其中Hp阴性889例(53.6%),Hp阳性769例(46.4%)。胃窦粘膜慢性炎症和Hp的关系见表1,从表中可以发现轻度炎症在Hp阴性病例中明显多于Hp阳性病例(P<0.005),而重度炎症主要多见于Hp阳性病例(P<0.005)。对于Hp阳性病例,轻度炎症在轻度Hp感染病例中最常见(P<0.005);而重度炎症在重度Hp感染病例中最多见(P<0.005)。另外,在Hp阳性和Hp阴性病例中胃窦粘膜肠化生分别有155(20.2%)例和129(14.5%)例(P<0.005)、粘膜萎缩分别有79(10.3%)例和67(7.5%)例(P<0.05)、非典型增生分别有8(1.0%)例和4(0.5%)例(P>0.1)。
表1 胃窦粘膜慢性炎症与Hp的关系(n,%)
Table 1 Relationship between Hp and chronic inflammation
of antral mucosa (n, %)
Hp infection |
Degree of chronic inflammation |
Mild |
Moderate |
Severe |
Negative(n=889) |
380(42.7)* |
313(35.2) |
196(22.1)* |
Positive(n=769) |
58(7.5) |
148(19.3) |
563(73.2) |
Mild(n=191) |
50(26.2)# |
54(28.3) |
87(45.5)# |
Moderate(n=245) |
7(2.9) |
52(21.2) |
186(75.9) |
Severe(n=333) |
1(0.3) |
42(12.6) |
290(87.1) |
*P<0.005, compared with Hp infection positive group; #P<0.05,
compared with severe Hp infection.
3 讨论
Hp是慢性胃炎的重要致病因素,它的致病机制至今未完全阐明。有关资料表明,Hp导致胃粘膜的炎症损伤不仅与其分泌产生的毒性物质有关,而且还通过免疫介导引起粘膜炎症[1]。另外,Hp的致病性还与其菌株有明显的关系,产生空泡毒素和细胞毒相关抗原的Ⅰ型Hp比Ⅱ型菌株危害性更大。
通过回顾性分析,本文以大样本资料显示Hp感染直接与胃窦粘膜的慢性炎症程度有密切关系。在Hp阳性病例中以重度炎症最多见,而轻度炎症较Hp阴性病例明显减少。不仅如此,在Hp阳性病例中慢性炎症程度与Hp菌量的多少也密切相关。Hp菌量越多,重度炎症越多;轻度炎症多见于菌量较少的病例。这些结果与文献前瞻性研究得出的结论一致[2,3]。
胃窦粘膜癌前病变也与Hp有密切的关系。肠化生和粘膜萎缩病变以在Hp阳性病例中多见,与文献[4]结果相符。非典型增生较多见于Hp阳性病例,但其在统计学上差异没有显著性,其原因可能与病例数较少有关。
以上资料再次提示,不管有无消化性溃疡伴发,对Hp阳性慢性胃炎病例还是应进行Hp根除治疗,它可能有助于改善胃粘膜的炎症。文献已提供了这方面的经验[5]。
总之,通过对大样本病理检查结果的回顾分析再一次表明Hp是慢性胃炎的重要致病因素,它与胃窦粘膜慢性炎症程度及肠化生和粘膜萎缩病变有非常密切的关系。
参考文献
1 Veenendaal RA,Gotz JM,Lamers CB.Mucosal inflammation and disease in Helicobacter pylori infection.Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl, 1996,218:86-91
2 Alam K, Schubert TT, Bologna SD, et al. Increased density of Helicobacter pylori on antral biopsy is associated with severity of acute and chronic inflammation and likelihood of duodenal ulceration. Am J Gastroenterol, 1992, 87:424-428
3 阎赞华,贾博琦.幽门螺杆菌相关性慢性胃炎的临床和病理特征.中华内科杂志, 1993,32:682-684
4 Kuipers EJ, Uyterlinde AM, Pena AS, et al. Long-term sequelae of Helicobacter pylori gastritis. Lancet, 1995,345:1525-1528
5 Di Napoli A, Petrino R, Boero M, et al. Quantitative assessment of histologic changes in chronic gastritis after eradication of Helicobacter pylori. J Clin Pathol, 1992,45:796-798
(1998-04-10收稿)